Author (s) :

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1). Mr. Ashish P. Chirodiya, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

Keywords :

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Paper Industry, JK Papers, Tamil News Print, Gross Value Added (GVA), Net Value Added (NVA)

Abstract :

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This paper is comparative examination of capacity of Value Addition of selected paper manufacturing companies. To compare and examine first of all, two samples from paper manufacturing industry were taken on the basis of Net sales of 2023-24. These samples were JK Papers and Tamil News Print. To achieve that purpose of calculation of Value Added ability Gross Value Added (GVA) and Net Value Added (NVA) were taken and period of the study was 5 years (from 2019-20 to 2023-24). The GVA and NVA were calculated on the basis of additive method. Data and figures were analysed by student t test with 5 % level of significance. As a outcome/result of the study, it was revealed that the JK Papers is generating almost double the GVA and NVA than Tamil News Print. The reason behind that was difference in sales of both companies.

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Author (s) :

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1). Ms. Soniya Raval, Patel Kelavni Mandal College, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
2). Dr. Jigar Raval, Shri K M &Smt K KSavjani commerce college, Veraval, Gujarat, India

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Current ratio, quick ratio, Inventory turnover, Asset turnover ratio, EPS, Return on capital employed ratio, Indian Petroleum Industries

Abstract :

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Analysing the financial performance and gaining concrete expertise about many firm components were the study's primary goals. It made it easier for me to comprehend the many levels of organizations and become acquainted with a practical problems organization system. Data were collected from the official websites of the selected companies and they published their balance sheet and annual reports. In this research the financial ratios: Liquidity ratio, Efficiency ratio, Profitability ratios were used. In addition to being provided in tabular form, all ratios are represented by table format and by line graph. Among them, the ONGC did the best. The quick ratio is the next financial ratio. The data indicates that ONGC ranks first in it as well. According to the efficiency ratio, ONGC had the lowest assets turnover ratio and HPCL the highest. The inventory turnover ratio also showed the similar results, with ONGC having 6.8% and HPCL having 38.75%. Profitability is the most crucial ratio. HPCL had the greatest EPS (159.73), while IOCL had the lowest (70.64). With the exception of return on capital employed, HPCL did well in every ratio. Each rendition of data is shown as a percentage.

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Author (s) :

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1). Mr. Ashish M. Vyas, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). Dr. Ashvin Solanki, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat , India

Keywords :

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Abstract :

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The Indian banking sector has undergone substantial transformations, with public and private sector banks playing a critical role in economic development. The CAMEL model comprising Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, and Liquidity serves as a comprehensive framework for evaluating the financial soundness of banks. This conceptual study examines the applicability of the CAMEL model in assessing the performance of Indian banks, incorporating recent financial data and trends. In the fiscal year 2023-24, the Indian banking sector recorded a net profit exceeding ?3 lakh crore, driven by 15% credit growth and 13% deposit growth. Gross non-performing assets (NPAs) declined to 3.5%, reflecting improved asset quality. However, loan growth has slowed for six consecutive months, reaching 12.4% year-on-year in December 2024 due to stringent lending regulations. The application of the CAMEL model highlights differences between public and private sector banks. Private banks generally demonstrate higher management efficiency and earnings, whereas public banks maintain stronger capital adequacy ratios. This study underscores the relevance of the CAMEL model in evaluating the financial stability of Indian banks. The findings contribute to strategic decision-making and policy formulation in the banking sector.

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Author (s) :

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1). Mr. Dhaval M. Vyas, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
2). Dr. Hitesh Vyas, M. J. College of Commerce, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India

Keywords :

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Modern Indian Consumers, Value-Conscious, AI-Driven, Omni channel, Digital Technology

Abstract :

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The Indian apparel industry is undergoing a significant transformation due to changing consumer preferences, advancements in digital technology, and evolving socio-economic factors. This study examines the shifting trends in apparel shopping behavior among modern Indian consumers, focusing on the influence of online retail, growing awareness of sustainability, and the demand for personalized shopping experiences. With the expansion of e-commerce, the impact of social media, and the prevalence of fast fashion, consumers are making more informed and value-conscious purchasing decisions. The study explores critical factors such as brand perception, price sensitivity, fashion awareness, and the increasing preference for sustainable and ethical fashion choices. Furthermore, it analyses the role of AI-driven recommendations and omnichannel retail strategies in shaping consumer behavior. This conceptual analysis offers valuable insights for apparel brands and retailers, helping them align their strategies with the expectations of contemporary Indian shoppers.

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Author (s) :

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1). Prof. Rutu Padhiyar, Darshan Institute of Management, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). Dr. Jigna Trivedi, Shri Jairambhai Patel Institute of Business Management and Computer Applications, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

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Financial literacy, Investment behaviour, Pension schemes, Retirement planning.

Abstract :

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Retirement planning is critical to financial security, especially in an era of increasing life expectancy and economic uncertainties. This review examines research papers on retirement planning, focusing on various dimensions such as financial literacy, investment behaviour, pension schemes, and gender specific challenges. The study aims to identify gaps in the existing literature to highlight areas requiring further research. Lack of research on female educators’ retirement planning and behavioural aspects; future studies should integrate behavioural finance, gender specific financial education, and policy interventions.

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Author (s) :

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1). Mr Hemant T Prajapati, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
2). Dr Hardik B Bhadeshiya, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

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Indian Traditional Food, Food Technology, Globalization, Indian cuisine, Global Market

Abstract :

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Indian traditional food is more than just sustenance—it’s a cultural legacy with immense economic potential. With its rich flavors, unique ingredients, and health benefits, it holds the power to captivate both domestic and global markets. However, globalization has reshaped consumer preferences, with younger generations gravitating toward Western fast food, posing challenges for traditional cuisine. Despite ranking among the world’s top ten cuisines, Indian food struggles to establish a global foothold due to the absence of strong international brands, time-intensive preparations, and limited market penetration. To unlock its full potential, the industry must embrace technological advancements in food processing, supply chains, packaging, automation, and digital platforms. Packaged brands like Haldiram’s and MTR have already tapped into global demand, showcasing the possibilities ahead. A balanced approach, combining innovation with cultural authenticity, is key to positioning Indian traditional food as a competitive and sustainable force in the global market.

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Author (s) :

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1). Mr. Rahil PriteshKumar Sanja, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India

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Geopolitical Conflicts, Global Business Strategies, Multinational Companies, Supply Chain Diversification, Market Diversification, Political Risk, Technology, Energy, Investment Shifts

Abstract :

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This study explored the impact of geopolitical conflicts on the global business strategies of multinational companies (MNCs). It analysed how businesses adjusted their operations in response to political instability, such as the Russia-Ukraine war, the US-China trade war, and Brexit. The research used secondary data from various sources, including reports, case studies, and academic articles, to identify strategic shifts such as supply chain diversification, market diversification, and investment adjustments. The findings revealed that geopolitical conflicts forced MNCs to reconsider their risk management strategies and adopt flexible approaches to maintain stability and ensure business continuity. This paper contributed to the existing literature by addressing research gaps related to sector-specific risks, particularly in industries like technology and energy, which face unique challenges. Additionally, the study highlighted the often-overlooked difficulties faced by medium-sized and small enterprises in coping with political instability. The study emphasized the need for companies to prepare proactive strategies that allow them to respond quickly and effectively to geopolitical disruptions.

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Author (s) :

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1). Sagar Saini, GLS University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
2). Shefali Dani, GLS University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

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Financial Performance, Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Net Profit Margin, Dividend Payout Ratio.

Abstract :

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This research analyzed the financial performance and dividend payout behavior of various companies within the textile and manufacturing sectors. Specifically, it compares Page Industries, Welspun Living, Swan Energy, KPR Mill, and Trident with 10 years of data (2015 to 2024) based on key profitability metrics—Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Equity (ROE), and Return on Assets (ROA) as a independent variables and their impact on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) as a dependent variable. This study found that Page Industries and Welspun Living demonstrate exceptional stability, exhibiting consistent profitability and efficiency, as evidenced by low standard deviations in their financial metrics. Conversely, Swan Energy experiences high financial volatility, with significant unpredictability in both profitability and dividend payout behavior. KPR Mill and Trident show moderate performance, with some variability in key financial metrics. Regression analysis concealed significant relationships between NPM, ROA, and ROE with DPR, with p-values below 0.05, indicating that higher profitability and efficient resource utilization tend to result in lower dividend payouts, as businesses with superior ROE prefer reinvesting profits rather than increasing dividends. This research contributes to understanding how financial stability and performance metrics influence dividend payout decisions, offering insights into corporate financial strategies.

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Author (s) :

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1). Dr. Gaurav N. Mehta, Shri Gosar Hansraj Gosrani Commerce & Shri D.D.Nagda B.B.A. College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
2). Dr. Chintan N. Vora, Shri Gosar Hansraj Gosrani Commerce & Shri D.D.Nagda B.B.A. College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India

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Indian Capital Market, Stock Market Volatility, NSE, BSE, SEBI, RBI, Stock Index Trends.

Abstract :

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This research paper analyzes the performance and volatility of the Indian capital market over a five-year period (2018–2023) using secondary data from the National Stock Exchange (NSE), Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), and reports from SEBI and RBI. The study evaluates stock index trends, market capitalization changes, sector-wise growth, and the impact of macroeconomic indicators on capital market behavior. Special focus is given to the COVID-19 pandemic period and the subsequent market recovery. The findings suggest that although the Indian capital market experienced significant short-term shocks, long-term growth remained resilient. The paper concludes with implications for investors and policymakers.

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Author (s) :

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1). Dr. A. Saravanakumar, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu , India

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Mutual Fund Investments, Consumer Behaviour and Digital Marketing

Abstract :

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The advent of new technologies has streamlined business transactions, enhancing the buying experience for both companies and customers. Digital marketing, in particular, has enabled mutual fund companies to expand their investor base while providing potential investors with convenient access to information. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of digital marketing on investors' decisions to invest in mutual funds, with a focus on identifying key demographic factors influencing online investments.

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Author (s) :

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1). Dr. Alpesh Gajera, Darshan University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). Mr. Dharmik Vegad, Darshan Institute of Management, Darshan University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

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Ethical business practices, Evidence-based management, Sustainable development goals (SDGs), Management curriculum standards, Theory-practice integration.

Abstract :

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Management associations play a crucial role in bridging the gap between industry and academia by facilitating knowledge exchange, professional development, and collaboration. These organizations promote innovation by organizing conferences, publishing research, and offering certification programs that enhance managerial skills. They serve as networking platforms that connect academics, industry leaders, and professionals, fostering interdisciplinary partnerships. Additionally, management associations contribute to curriculum development, ensuring that academic programs align with industry needs. They also advocate for ethical business practices, corporate social responsibility, and sustainability. By advancing research and encouraging evidence-based management, these associations help organizations stay competitive while shaping the future of management education. Through their diverse functions, management associations remain vital to the continuous evolution of management as a discipline.

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Author (s) :

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1). Mr. Kishanbhai J. Jani, Department of Commerce and Business Administration, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). Dr Ashish Makwana, Lt. M.J. Kundaliya English Medium Mahila Commerce College,, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

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Capital structure, financial performance, debt to equity ratio, return on capital employed, return on equity, return on asset and regression analysis

Abstract :

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Capital structure is one of the financial decisions while financial performance is essential components of business decisions and growth. This research paper focused to find out impact of capital structure on financial performance for two pharmaceutical and drug companies as samples for five years from 2020 to 2024. Sun pharma ltd. and Torrent pharma ltd. are two samples for research study. Ratio analysis tool is aid to determine capital structure and financial performance, to determine capital structure researcher used ratio of debt-equity while to determine financial performance net profit ratio, return on capital employed, return on equity and return on asset ratios used. Debt-equity ratio is used as independent variable and other financial performance measure ratios are dependent variables. Statistical tool, regression analysis is used to determine impact of variables and correlation is used to find relationship between variables. Study revealed that there is insignificant impact among variables of the study. Research study helps to take necessary decisions on capital structure as well as financial performance, it also use for further research study.

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Author (s) :

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1). Shemal Dave, Darshan Institute of Management (DIM), Darshan University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). Dr. Dhaval Vyas, Darshan Institute of Management, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

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Liquidity Metrics, CAMEL, Private-Sector Banks

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This investigation scrutinises the liquidity posture of India’s leading private-sector banks through the prism of the CAMEL architecture. Employing four quintessential liquidity metrics—Liquid Assets-to-Total Assets (LATA), Liquid Assets-to-Total Deposits (LATD), Liquid Assets-to-Liquid Liabilities (LALL) and Government Securities-to-Total Assets (GSTA)—the study paints a nuanced tableau of liquidity risk from FY 2016-17 to FY 2022-23. Findings reveal a generally adequate, albeit heterogeneous, liquidity cushion that has gradually strengthened under the impetus of supervisory refinements and heightened risk awareness. We contend that a forward-looking liquidity governance regime, anchored in rigorous stress tests and scenario construction, is indispensable for safeguarding systemic robustness during macro-financial perturbations.

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Author (s) :

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1). Mr. Dharmik Vegad, Darshan Institute of Management, Darshan University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
2). Dr Navjyot Raval , Darshan Institute of Management, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
3). Prof. Rutu Padhiyar, Darshan Institute of Management, Rajkot, Gujarat, India

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Algo, SEBI, White Algo, Black Algo, Framework

Abstract :

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The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has proposed a regulatory framework to enable retail investors to participate in algorithmic (algo) trading. This paper examines SEBI’s proposal, its potential impact on market dynamics, and the distinction between ‘White Algo’ and ‘Black Algo.’ The paper also discusses the risks and regulatory challenges associated with retail algo trading and offers recommendations for a balanced regulatory framework.

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